Ethics and Social Responsibility Essay

Moral issues are continually around us be it in school or at work. These issues speak to one of the most basic perspectives in the workplace seeing someone or communications between various partners. The connections among managers and representatives or customers are a fundamental factor which drives the company’s targets and objectives. An organization’s social duty to the encompassing network is additionally, an indispensable factor through making a positive atmosphere, for the smooth running of the organization inside the general public. Social duty perceives the qualities and conventions included by the network. Besides, moral issues may encompass an establishment in its day by day tasks, and thusly require proficient meeting, with respect to choices which are fitting in handling a particular issue, based on morals and expert measures. Presentation Business morals and social obligation are found in a large number of the associations that are embraced, by the administration which empower the organization or firm, to lead its business tasks maintaining the government assistance and prosperity of its representatives and the customers it serves. By grasping morals, sets of accepted rules and social duty in the organizations forms, an association gets straightforward to its partners and investors, in this way making a picture of ability and responsibility in the activities it embraces. Additionally, there has been an expansion in the serious idea of business in the cutting edge society, where different and various organizations have overwhelmed the market. This serious condition expects organizations, to reclassify their destinations and objectives in regard to morals and corporate obligation, so as to have an upper hand over adversaries. Numerous associations have bombed in undertakings on account of not grasping proper moral practices, towards workers, customers and the general public. Morals are essentially directed by individual or corporate convictions incorporating social ideas in the everyday running of an association. Moreover, moral issues shift among organizations, people, societies or specifically conditions. The point of this examination is break down the significance of morals and social obligation, in business activities with organizations, for example, the Wal-Mart Store, and how moral issues are taken care of to stay serious in their market section. Morals and Social Responsibility Business morals are fundamental to the activity forms in an organization according to both inner and outside elements, which impact the achievement of the business. A durable connection among clients and a business is imperative, for the ideal execution of the organization. This would contain consumer loyalty, representative inspiration and positive business mentalities that would empower an organization to effectively convey its administrations or items. Plan of code of behaviors and morals empower an association to maintain its business activities, without ignoring the requirements of partners (Lisa, 2005 p. 24). Representatives in some random business or industry, assume a significant job in progressing in the direction of the achievement of objectives and targets set by the organization’s the executives. The connection between the executives at all levels with the representatives, impacts the general yield of the association, and subsequently influencing its relations with clients and execution in the serious market condition. Morals and implicit rules can be characterized as standards or guidelines set by the organization’s the board, which represent the normal conduct of workers and the administration while leading business, for the organization. They likewise include the convictions of the association impacted by their objectives and targets. These behaviors may involve standards, for example, regarding clients as a need, by serving them with an inspirational demeanor while maintaining uprightness, regarding different workers, making progress toward greatness, and ideal assistance to clients. Consumer loyalty is put as the key in the general corporate duty regarding the ideal execution of the business (Velasqez, 2005 p. 35). An organization can likewise make a code of morals, where both the administration and the workers ought to follow the set rules, while deviation would call for activities against the person. They help representatives to perceive circumstances where certain activities are considered as an infringement to the company’s morals. What's more, business morals impacts the hierarchical culture of an organization, where representatives embrace practices that cultivate the achievement and development of the organization. In any case, even with set code of behaviors, moral practices and social obligation of an association, the primary concern directs that confiding in an individual’s decision making ability of what's going on or right, will influence the picture and execution of the association. Subsequently, the board and employees’ practices, culture and mentalities are urgent as they delineate the morals of the organization which would at last, impact the discernment and demeanor of customers towards the association. Viable authoritative morals involve that, organizations lead with respectability at the working environment, commercial center and in the network. Social duty includes business morals and friends rehearses that oversee how, the organization runs and its job to the network. Corporate social duty has become a key activity a critical device for development in an organization or industry. Worldwide enterprises and effective organizations have embraced this amazing asset in different nations over the globe. With fast globalization and progression in innovation, authoritative morals and social obligation must be adaptable to include new angles, to the changing client needs while as yet keeping up honesty and responsibility, in the serious market condition (Hartley, 2004 p. 55). Social obligation definition fluctuates across organizations and gatherings, contingent upon the observation towards their circumstances or conditions, yet for the most part social duty outlines the job of organizations to lead their business activities, in a way that advances human government assistance and regards individuals’ rights, regardless of whether at the workplace or inside the general public. Moreover, the two ideas of social duty and morals work connected at the hip so as to give, benefits for all partners. Additionally, troubles or difficulties that hinder fruitful usage of social duty or business morals, by an association ought to be relieved before successful changes can be figured it out. The Wal-Mart Company Wal-Mart has become perhaps the biggest retailer on the planet, when it began as a solitary rebate store over five decades prior. It has ruled the retailing business with its various stores and clubs that are related with the association. Also, even through the changes throughout the years, Wal-Mart has had the option to maintain its respectability and culture of morals continually (Entine, 2008 p. 22). Morals and social duty as put by the Wal-Mart’s the executives, has had the option to characterize the organization from its beginning, and subsequently impacts how the association partners with its representatives, clients, providers and the general network. Wal-Mart has been utilizing articulation of morals in their whole business forms, which characterize the sorts of lead and mentalities that it maintains for its partners. The business conducts make a climate of decency, genuineness and the part of legitimateness in the workplace. Codes of behaviors impact the general authoritative culture to receive practices and working procedures that upgrade the presentation yield of an association. Wal-Mart being in the administration business, client relations has been its need without ignoring the interests of representatives, investors and the encompassing network needs. The retailing business has been endeavoring to roll out significant improvements, through looking into its business procedure so as to achieve supportability and duty towards a moral and social capable culture (Nicholas, 2009). This been credited to the fast changing outside condition in morals and business tasks, continually expecting associations to reclassify their moral guidelines and standards, that put to test their awareness of other's expectations, uprightness, decency and genuineness. Thus, morals at the work environment become an imperative factor that impacts the general execution of the organization, coupled by duty and responsibility. The degree of moral issues has developed in hugeness throughout the years, where unscrupulous practices, for example, those saw in the Enron Company, coming about to loss of occupations and shopper certainty. This is inconvenient to any association as it misfortunes its market believability, prompting its defeat. In addition, partners in an association who incorporate clients, investors and workers are continually being attentive of inside choices made, and how they sway on them. What's more, legislative offices are continually getting included and observing moral issues in different associations, with pressure coordinated for order of laws from residents and investors that secure them, which may follow exploitative practices in an association. Social obligation at Wal-Mart has empowered it to acknowledge noteworthy investment funds, in the midst of reactions of not being responsible towards its workers. The organization received a program, scorecard, to empower it audit how items are made, promoted and the accessibility of recyclability in its objective towards green supportability. In such cases, the organization has had the option to reduce expenses in activity and preserving vitality, however it is yet to arrive at all out maintainability and social obligation in its tasks. Onlookers have valued the organization’s aims, yet the organization h

The primary reason that America went to war against Britain in 1812 Essay

The essential explanation that America did battle against Britain in 1812 - Essay Example Be that as it may, pressures despite everything stayed between the two countries. The essential explanation regarding why James Madison pronounced war against Britain can be related with contrasts in the high oceans. In his congressional discourse, Madison expressed that cruisers from Britain abused the American banner. Also, he blamed the British for holding onto people cruising under the American banner (Haberle, 2003). This, he contended, was illegal that oversees the connections between countries. To Madison, the activities of the cruisers appeared to support the British while the Americans kept on affliction. Madison additionally indicated that the British had abused the sway of the United States. In this way, he looked for help from congress. Components that prompted the presentation of the war can be related with the choice of the British to drag American residents in warships. Madison guaranteed this presented Americans to critical perils while in their own nation. The activities of the British to utilize American subjects in their fights activated Madison to announce war. The British didn't regard America as a sovereign nation. All things considered, the war must be battled to end British control of the United States (Haberle,

Why Finding Your Dream Job after Graduation is a Bad Thing

Why Finding Your Dream Job after Graduation is a Bad Thing A lot of recent graduates, especially the most ambitious and talented ones, are dreaming of finding the perfect job right after college. They are looking for a position which would provide them not only with huge salaries but also career opportunities, recognition, and self-fulfillment at once.However, this is so difficult to achieve that the odds are somewhere around one in a few hundred thousand. But our goal in this article is not to tell you that you will hardly get a dream job after graduation. On the contrary, our mission is to reveal that finding your dream job after college is actually a bad thing for you.Although it sounds completely counterintuitive, it is really the truth in the vast majority of cases. Keep reading our article and you will find out why. 8 REASONS  WHY IT’S NOT GOOD TO FIND A PERFECT JOB AFTER COLLEGEThere are many reasons why you should not be disappointed if you don’t find an outstanding job right after graduation. According to HR experts at Aussiewritings, none of these reasons alone is big enough to slow you down but the combination of a few factors can really make a big impact on your professional development later on.This is especially important for the generation of Millennials as more than 90% of them expect to stay in a job for less than three years. In such circumstances, young workers need to know why it is bad to do some things in the early stages of their careers.One such mistake is to find the best job immediately. Below you will find a list of the 8 most important reasons why it is not good to chase the dream job after graduation.Reason 1. It prevents your all-around growthIf you manage to get the perfect job opportunity at the beginning of the career, it may sound like an offer you can’t refuse. But what you don’t know about it is that it will most likely prevent you from learning a lot of important things in different areas of the business.Namely, while we are trying to find what fits us the best, we are also acquiring new skills, knowledge, and experiences. It helps us to understand an entire niche more thoroughly, which is the basic precondition for future professional success.On the other side, when you instantly choose only one â€" usually very specific field of work, you get to specialize in this one area alone. It is great if you want to stick to it during the entire career but it’s very bad if you find yourself dissatisfied with your current position after a few years.And this thing usually happens sooner or later. It’s just the matter of human nature: we can never spend our whole lives doing the same thing over and over again. Finding a dream job after graduation will make you satisfied at first but you will soon realize that it gives you no more room to ad vance.Reason 2.  You will not understand the company you work forAll companies, but especially the big ones, are complex in structure and organization. If you stick strictly to one role, there are substantial chances that you will lack understanding and personal experience about the company that you work for â€" and not to mention the industry in general.Keep in mind that the rules of business differ from industry to industry, from company to company, and from sector to sector. If you isolate yourself and focus on your position too much, you probably won’t be able to follow the company requirements in the long run.For this reason, we suggest you open your eyes and wander around during the first few years of your professional growth. Meet the people, follow the trends, and see what is going on behind the scenes of the targeted niche.If you do this, you will get a clearer picture about your profession and you will be able to choose the best job opportunity wisely. With this kind of initial experience, you won’t have to worry about making the wrong choice as each step you take will be reasonable and logical for you.Reason 3.  Your first failure may become way too painfulHave you ever wondered why people often say that the beginning is half of every action? Well, it is popular simply because the saying is so true. Each action you take has its consequences.When you are young, you really don’t know many things. After college, you are going to face new duties, colleagues, and expectations. In such circumstances, it is easy to make the mistake and lose your self-confidence. Your first failure may become way too painful. That’s one of the key reasons why more than 60% of Millennials leave their jobs within 3 years.As the fresh college graduate, you don’t have the experience to struggle with older competitors. As much as people keep saying that team work is crucial in every business, the truth is that most of the employees are lone wolves who want to protect t heir own positions.They will kick you out of the game easily because they know all tricks. Senior staff members learned company procedures and got acquainted with internal affairs. At the same time, you don’t know this and you could make a cardinal sin if you rush in the business without an appropriate preparation.Reason 4.  You know for sure what you truly love to do only after doing what you really hateWhen you are young, there are no bad professional experiences â€" there are only experiences. Most people realized that they love doing something only after they had tried out a few other options which they hated.This is the so-called reversed psychology, otherwise known as one of the basic behavioral patterns in classical psychology studies. The only difference here is that you need to apply it to yourself if you really want to develop the most fruitful career.This is one of the biggest advantages of young professionals: they may not be well-experienced but they have every right to discover new things and try even the jobs that they will probably despise. Use this period to learn about all areas of the business and you will soon realize what it is that attracts you the most.It’s a system of elimination that proved to be very productive for a wide variety of college graduates, so don’t hesitate to give it a try. More than half of all workers  are looking to leave their current jobs. We strongly believe that it’s because they forgot to explore all options in the beginning and determine what they love by doing what they hate.Reason 5.  College grads hardly find a niche-related workA sad but true study revealed that barely a quarter of college graduates are able to find the job that is closely related to their major. It’s a disturbing fact that shows you the real nature of the labor market.Following this logic, it is reasonable to assume that you won’t have the opportunity to find a dream job immediately. That’s why you need to use the time before y ou do to gain as much experience as possible and prepare yourself for the coming job offers.There are a lot of skills to learn along the way. It’s not only about your major: you can also master a new language, expand the network of professional contacts, or finish a course that could help you later on in your career. For instance, you can attend an online course in graphic design, social media marketing, or whatever works for you.All these activities will make you better and more skillful, so don’t fall into despair if you don’t find the perfect position after college. Stay positive and learn â€" the dream job will come soon afterward.Reason 6.  People change jobs frequentlyWhat is a dream job? Is it a fixed category or something that depends on your current needs and the state of mind? College graduates will probably say that it’s an immutable category which remains the same and resists all temptations.However, more experienced employees know that it’s not the same whethe r you work as a single 20-something or a mother of three young kids. In all stages of our lives, we have different priorities and we try to organize our work accordingly.This is why an average person changes more than 10 jobs throughout career and spends around four years at one position. It’s a pursuit of happiness: sometimes you need more money or demand better health insurance, while sometimes you need a life-work balance.In each one of these cases, the definition of a dream job is drastically different. Bear this in mind while searching for the right position after college. It could help you to get over disappointments much easier and give you encouragement to move on with your career.Reason 7.  You don’t get to socializeHumans are social beings. Social belonging is one of the basic elements in the Maslows hierarchy of needs and our jobs don’t only serve to hone our professional capabilities but also to build relationships with other people.A job brings you many benefits: it gives you the chance to meet and communicate with new colleagues. It helps you to develop social skills and enables you to expand the network of professional acquaintances. These are all very important elements of your career success.Namely, socialization is essential if you want to stay mentally fresh but it is almost impossible to achieve this if you stick to the one and only job forever. On the other hand, working in various environments allows you to meet all sorts of psychological profiles and perfect your communication skills, which is extremely important in business.Additionally, when you change companies and meet many people, you also expand your professional network, which increases the chance of getting an ideal job offer. Most people actually find their perfect spots this way, so don’t run away from switching jobs â€" socialization is a great side effect.Reason 8.  You don’t get to learn how to be patientIf you deserve the dream job immediately, you will be happy a nd willing to do your best. It’s the position that you prepared for and you will do whatever it takes to keep it. However, it won’t teach you one important quality in life â€" to be patient.Working a bunch of boring jobs which are not directly related to your field of expertise, you will discover the beauty of patience and hard work. Since you are not prepared for this type of work, you will have to invest much more time and efforts into it to complete all duties.This can be mind-boggling but it is also something that you should embrace as a valuable lesson. The best things in life don’t come easily and sometimes you will have to be very patient and wait for the right time to catch the business opportunity.Consider it your comparative advantage over peers â€" when the hard times come, you will be the one who can stand it all and overcome obstacles successfully. You will have enough knowledge, experience, and patience after a few low-profile positions. And that is more than eno ugh to make you prepared for the dream job.CONCLUSIONIt’s never easy to finish your studies and then face the harsh competition on the labor market. However, most college graduates think that the best option for them is to try to find a dream job immediately, earn a lot of money, and set the foundation for future professional success.But this is actually not that good. Instead, you should consider other options and alternatives because getting the perfect job brings a lot of shortcomings along the way. In this article, we explained 8 reasons why it is bad to find an outstanding position after college.Feel free to consider our recommendations once again because it could help you to determine the right direction in your career.About the authorBy  Olivia Ryan, a young journalist who is passionate about topics of career, recruitment and self-development. She constantly tries to learn something new and share this experience on different websites. You can find her on Facebook and Twitte r.

Eerie Themes Of Gothic Writing - An Analysis Of Edgar...

In the history of literature, there have always been different themes and genres of writing. But few have been as different or unique as that of the â€Å"gothic† literature. Of all the gothic authors of history, few writing has captured the mind and plunged it into the depths of fear as that of Edgar Allen Poe. Poe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† is a story that shows us how deadly being prideful can be. Themes of dishonour, revenge and questionable justice all come together in this story. In this essay, I will discuss how the setting, irony and the lack of certain details all contribute to the gothic theme and the spine-tingling effect of the story. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The setting and clothing of the story are two of the key†¦show more content†¦Fortunato himself displays much irony as well. First, his name resembles the word â€Å"fortune† and to have good fortune can mean to have good luck, which is obviously not what Fortunate has, having been left for eternity to perish alone in darkness. Fortunato’s clothes are another source of irony. He wears the clothes of a jester, â€Å"He had on a tight-fitting parti-striped dress, and his head was surmounted by the conical cap and bells.† (70) Since jesters are often portrayed as trusting and very foolish, this completely describes Fortunato as he willing and unknowingly walks with his murderer to his doom. Another source of irony is found in almost everything that Montresor says. Every time he speaks to Fortunato, he speaks to him as if he is his friend. He speaks to him with a sarcasm that is not noticeable. However, since we are inside his head, we know that Montresor is not actually friends with Fortunato and this ploy is all actually part of his plot to kill Fortunato. In the beginning, Montresor says to himself that â€Å"I must not only punish but punish with impunity.† (70) This is ironic when we later find out that Montresor’s family motto is â€Å"No one provokes me with impunity.† From the motto and the description of the coat of arms we receive, it can be assumed that Montresor’s family has had a history of insanity and

Slavery In Latin America Essay example - 1641 Words

Slavery In Latin America Slavery in the Americas was quite diverse. Mining operations in the tropics experienced different needs and suffered different challenges than did plantations in more temperate areas of Norther Brazil or costal city’s serving as ports for the exporting of commodities produced on the backs of the enslaved peoples from the African continent. This essay will look at these different situations and explore the factors that determined the treatment of slaves, the consequences of that treatment, and the conditions that lead to resistance by the slaves working in their various capacities. After the initial conquest of Mexico and South America it was time to develop the economy and export the†¦show more content†¦They could sell what they produced and this gave them money with which to effect manumissions. The plantation life had a hierarchy that separated the slaves into three levels with value attached to each one. The lowest level of the hierarchy was the â€Å"Bozal.† These were slave born on the African continent with little or no acculturation with the Spaniards and Portugese who enslaved them. They were of the least value as the least skilled and plenty there were plenty more where they came from. Though they were not completely disposable they were of the least consequence should they die or run off. Next up the pecking order were the â€Å"Ladino.† These slaves had more time in country and had developed skills useful to the plantation owner. They were often in working positions of a bit higher value as well. The top of the chain were the â€Å"Criollo.† These were slaves that were born in Latin America. They were often times offspring of Spaniards or Portugese and as such had more ties to the community. Mulatto’s were not looked down upon as they were in the American south. The Criollo held trusted positions in transportation, and were most often manumitted. Also enjoying frequent manumission was the criollo involved in the processing of the crops. Field hands made up the bulk of the population of any givenShow MoreRelatedSlavery in Latin America1676 Words   |  7 Pages#65279; Slavery in the Americas was quite diverse. Mining operations in the tropics experienced different needs and suffered different challenges than did plantations in more temperate areas of Norther Brazil or costal citys serving as ports for the exporting of commodities produced on the backs of the enslaved peoples from the African continent. This essay will look at these different situations and explore the factors that determined the treatment of slaves, the consequences of that treatmentRead MoreEssay on Slavery in Latin America4587 Words   |  19 Pages Slavery in Latin America Chile History Before the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th cent., the Araucanians had long been in control of the land in the southern part of the region; in the north, the inhabitants were ruled by the Inca empire. Diego de Almagro, who was sent by Francisco Pizarro from Peru to explore the southern region, led a party of men through the Andes into the central lowlands of Chile but was unsuccessful (1536) in establishing a foothold there. In 1540, PedroRead MoreSlavery in Latin America vs Us3432 Words   |  14 PagesSlavery and its Impact in Latin America Vs the United States Slavery originally started in Latin America and the West Indies by the French, Spanish, and Portuguese after the conquest, to replace the depopulated labor of the Indigenous people. Shortly after, slavery became a profitable enterprise for the capitalistic driven United States. Some of the principal laws and systems of slavery were the same in both regions, but others were later changed. It brought about many changes, with respectRead MoreEssay on Latin America And Slavery1933 Words   |  8 Pages Prior to its independence Latin America had been controlled by external forces for hundreds of years. To be freed of control from these outside interests did not in any way guarantee Latin America a return to the status quo. In fact, the inhabitants of Latin America had done very well in assimilating their in house controllers. They adopted European language, religion, color, and just about everything else that the European culture had to offer them. Although they were free to do as they pleaseRead MoreEuropean Exploration And Conquest Of Latin America1277 Words   |  6 PagesBefore European exploration and conquest in Latin America the indigenous people lived off the land working mainly to support themselves. Despite having conflicts of their own, most Latin American tribes would coexist peacefully relative to what was to come. Some, more advanced civilizations, such as the Aztec, did have conditions somewhat similar to those that would soon spread to the rest of Latin America. Wh en European settlers started to take over the Americas, however, conditions got markedly worseRead MoreGeorge Reid Andrews Afro Latin America1584 Words   |  7 PagesGEORGE REID ANDREWS: AFRO-LATIN AMERICA In this paper, I would arguer that the history of USA is intertwined with the issue of Blacks – their enslavement and freedom but it has not as yet been focused that this subject has far greater impact in Central and Latin America, thus the greater impact of blacks in Central and Latin America would be the main theme or argument of this paper. This book, Afro-Latin America by George Reid, is the first attempt to focus on this side of the African DiasporaRead MoreGeorge Douglas And Abraham Lincoln903 Words   |  4 PagesIn Robert E. May’s, Slavery, Race, and Conquest in the Tropic, May tackles the notion of slavery in the tropics and how Douglas and Lincoln campaigned against slavery in the tropics . He first states the differences between Stephen Douglas and Abraham Lincoln’s positions concerning southward expansionism and how these two influential men arrived at and supported their stances. Robert May goes on to show potential U.S. expansion into Latin American and Caribbean territories led to the growing discontentRead MoreSimilarities And D ifferences Between The French And Latin American Revolutions1044 Words   |  5 PagesFrom 1750 to 1914, several important revolutionary processes occurred in the Americas, including those of North America and Latin America. The North American and Spanish American Revolutions were similar in that they both shared the common goal of liberation from the foreign colonial governments that ruled over them. However they differed in that there was no goal for social reform in the American Revolution, but in the Haitian Revolution the slaves had the goal of social reform of the rigid socialRead MoreThe Haitian Revolution And Latin American History1278 Words   |  6 Pages The Haitian Revolution was one of the most important slave revolts in Latin American history. It started a succession of other revolutionary wars in Latin America and ended both colonialism and imperialism in the Americas. The Haitian Revolution affected people from all social castes in Haiti including the indigenous na tives, mestizos, mulattos and the Afro-Latin. The idea of starting a rebellion against France began with the colony’s white elite class seeking a capitalist market. These elites inRead MoreLatin America Revolutions Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesVienna, revolts plagued many European countries as well as several areas in Latin America. France was driven from Haiti, Portugal lost control of Brazil, and Spain was forced to withdraw from all its American empire except for Cuba and Puerto Rico. Colonial government in South America came to an end. Three countries where revolts were successfully established were Haiti, Venezuela, and Brazil. The countries in Latin America benefited from the revolts because they became free from colonial rule, but

The United States An Empire in Denial Free Essays

string(37) " the concept of an Imperial America\." With the arrival and eventual establishment of a permanent settlement on American soil in the early seventeenth century, the English settlers came upon an expansive territory of land teeming with resources and endless possibilities. Soon, these settlers longed for liberty and thus desired to break free from the imperial clutches of British rule. Standing resolutely against a great and powerful empire, liberty was won in America by the blood of its founding fathers, indelibly written in the Declaration of Independence. We will write a custom essay sample on The United States: An Empire in Denial or any similar topic only for you Order Now Perhaps in these humble beginnings are the reasons why America today could never officially admit on how she has evolved into the empire she had once detested and fought. The facts, however, speak for themselves. America today is a colossal empire and as such, she has in her power the capacity to shape the future by creating a world environment conducive to profitable economic relations (especially to third-world countries) and international peace, both of which are in short supply, these days. What the world needs, according to Niall Ferguson in page 301 of his book ‘Colossus’, is an effective liberal empire and the United States is the best candidate for the job. What restrains America from accepting and performing its role as an imperial power? This paper delves on this question and discusses the following relevant issues: (1) definition of an empire, (2) what America has become, (3) the American might: strongholds around the globe, (4) the American empire: adherence and denial, and (5) America as the engine of global growth. America is now the only superpower in the world and she is in a position to greatly influence the course of human history. Main Body Definition of an Empire Probing into the topic at hand, it is necessary to elucidate on the true meaning of ‘empire’ as rationalized by Mr. Ferguson: An empire is ‘first and foremost, a very great power that has left its mark on the international relations of an era . . . a polity that rules over wide territories and many peoples, since the management of space and multi-ethnicity is one of the great perennial dilemmas of an empire . . . An empire is by definition . . . not a polity ruled with the explicit consent of its peoples, [But] by a process of assimilation of peoples of democratization of institutions empires can transform themselves into multinational federations or even nation states. (10) Thus defined, an empire does not require the general consensus of the people involved. However, an empire can adapt to whatever is the prevalent social, economic or political environment at hand. What America Has Become In the course of human history for the past four centuries since the arrival of the English settlers in America, has the United States revealed itself, in whatever degree, as a nation with imperial intents? As Ferguson states: This book argues not merely that the United States is an empire but that it has always been an empire. Unlike most of the previous authors who have remarked on this, I have no objection in principle to an American empire. Indeed, a part of my argument is that many parts of the world would benefit from a period of American rule (Ferguson 2). The United States is perceived to be the greatest empire to have ever existed in the history the mankind, propelling itself to the top, not only with its involvement and successes at previous wars, but most especially, with its exploitation of constant advances in science and technology for its defensive posture. In this field, America has no equal. As we have seen, by most conventional measures of power–economic, military and cultural–there has never been an empire mightier than the United States today (Ferguson289). The American Might: Strongholds around the Globe From a military standpoint, America has the greatest influence over many other nations today. Controlling offensive and defensive strategic sites around the globe, its military arm is well-emplaced and is in the best position to act or react should the need arise. . . . the U. S. military has around 752 military installations in more than 130 countries . . . In the first year of President Bush’s presidency, around 70,000 U. S. troops were stationed in Germany, and 40,000 in Japan . . . Almost as many (36,500) were in South Korea . . . Moreover, new wars have meant new bases, like Camp Bondsteel in Kosovo, acquired during the 1999 war against Yugoslavia, or the Bishkek air base in Kyrgyzstan . . . At the time of writing, about 10,000 American troops are still based in Afghanistan, and it seems certain that a substantial force of 100,000 will have to remain in Iraq for at least the next few years. (Ferguson 16) What other nation in the face of the earth – be it in the past or in the present – could ever boast of such a claim? What other nation is more prepared to control vast areas of land, air and water with its military dominance? On land the United States has 9,000 M1 Abrams tanks. The rest of the world has nothing that can compete. At sea the United States possesses nine ‘supercarrier’ battle groups. The rest of the world has none. And in the air the United States has three different kinds of undetectable stealth aircraft. The rest of the world has none. The United States is also far ahead in the production of ‘smart’ missiles and pilotless high-altitude ‘drones’ (Ferguson 16). The American Empire: Adherence and Denial The United States today is an empire – but a peculiar kind of empire. It is vastly wealthy. It is militarily peerless. It has astonishing cultural reach. Yet by comparison with other empires it often struggles to impose its will beyond its shores . . . Only when the United States could cast itself in an anti-imperialist role . . . were the Americans able to perform their own cryptoimperial role with self-confidence (Ferguson 287). This is where the American nation faces its greatest hurdle in reaching its full potential and becoming a great empire for the greater benefit of the world, for it could not bear the concept of an Imperial America. You read "The United States: An Empire in Denial" in category "Papers" It took a succession of humanitarian disasters abroad in the 1990s and terrorist attacks at home in 2001 to rekindle public enthusiasm for a more assertive American foreign policy, though even this had to be cloaked in euphemism, its imperial character repeatedly denied (Ferguson 287). But this denial is not a sentiment shared by all Americans. As events unfold and the need for change arises, more and more adherents to an imperial America surface, publicly giving voice to an advocacy silently embraced by a few. Richard Haas, who went on to serve in the Bush administration as director of policy planning in the State Department, argued that Americans needed to ‘re-conceive their global role from one of traditional nation-state to an imperial power’, calling openly for an ‘informal’ American empire . . . As Thomas Donnelly, deputy executive director of the Project for the New American Century, told the Washington Post in August 2001, â€Å"There’s not all that many people who will talk about it [empire] openly. It’s discomforting to a lot of Americans. So they use code phrases like ‘America is the sole superpower’ â€Å"(Ferguson 4). There is little doubt that the declaration of an imperial America would profoundly provoke global agitation. However, one must bear in mind that this is not a new concept and that for decades, this abstraction has always been in the backdrop, even more so in every anti-American cause one would care to listen to. Few people outside the United States today doubt the existence of an American empire; that America is imperialistic is a truism in the eyes of most educated Europeans. But the theologian Reinhold Niebuhr noted as long ago as 1960, Americans persist in ‘frantically avoiding recognition of the imperialism [they] in fact exercise (Ferguson 294). All evidence suggests that America is an empire. The denial of the American populace and most especially that of the United States government to this fact is not an altogether innocuous act or claim, as in the present case of Iraq and Afghanistan. Does imperial denial matter? The answer is that it does . . . The trouble with an empire in denial is that it tends to make two mistakes when it chooses to intervene in the affairs of lesser states. The first may be to allocate insufficient resources to the nonmilitary aspects of the project. The second, and the more serious, is to attempt economic and political transformation in an unrealistically short time frame. (Ferguson 294) America as the Engine of Global Growth To this day, America remains to be the behemoth that it is with the American dollar taking its rightful place as the international currency in the global market. Twentieth-century history handed the United States a privileged position in the world economy; its currency became and has remained the world’s favorite. Since 1945 it has been used more than any other for denominating international transactions, and that has made it the preferred currency for central bank reserves (Ferguson 283). America, it appears, has everything that is needed to perform its imperial role. It is even likely that, in these times of widespread poverty, many countries would rally behind this cause for simple economic motives. The reason that so much overseas capital flows into the United States, so it is said, is that the American economy is the engine of global growth and foreign investors simply want a ‘piece of the action’ (Ferguson 281). At the end of the day, the alleviation of poverty through the creation of a dynamic and vigorous economy is the backbone of a peaceful nation. Here is where one sees the role that America should play. The Role that America Should Play What the world needs today is not just any kind of empire. What is required is a liberal empire- that is to say, one that not only underwrites the free international exchange of commodities, labor and capital but also creates and upholds the conditions without which markets cannot function- peace and order, the rule of law, non-corrupt administration, stable fiscal and monetary policies- as well as provide public goods, such as transport infrastructure, hospitals and schools, which would not otherwise exist. (Ferguson 2) The question that must now be answered is: ‘Can the United States achieve the role of being an effective liberal empire? ’ There is no doubt that the America of today has a foothold on almost all of the essential attributes required to perform this role. Although the United States seems in many ways ideally endowed –economically, militarily and politically – to run such an ‘empire of liberty’ (in Thomas Jefferson’s phrase), in practice it has been a surprisingly inept empire builder (Ferguson 2). Because of the democracy with which America was founded upon, we have seen time and again how the American populace, in general, refuses to accept the concept of an empire. As such, it could not move on to greater heights of historical attainment. Others would claim that many millions of people around the world have benefited in some way or another from the existence of America’s empire – not least the West Europeans, Japanese, and South Koreans who were able to prosper during the cold war under the protection of the American nuclear ‘umbrella’ – and that the economic losers of the post-cold war era, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, are victims not of American power but of its absence (Ferguson 13). In the words of retired General Anthony Zinni: ‘What is our obligation to the world? ’ We preach about values, democracy, human rights, but we haven’t convinced the American people to pony up . . . There’s no leadership that steps up and says, ‘This is the right thing to do’ . . . That’s the basic problem . . . There has to be the political will and support for these things. We should believe that a stable world is a better place for us . . . the U. S. would make a much greater difference to the world. (Ferguson 293) Conclusion Through the acceptance and support for an American empire by the American people themselves – which in itself is a huge undertaking – the United States could significantly alter the course of human history for the better. This conclusion could better be proven by questioning any of the multitudinous impoverished citizens from a third-world country if such a nation would be better off under the auspices of the American dollar. The United States has always been an empire in denial. A truly unfortunate fact for humankind would have a much better place to live in if only the world, most especially the American populace, would accept, recognize and support this undeniable reality of an imperial America. Works Cited Fletcher, Richard. Colossus. U. K. : Penguin, 2004. How to cite The United States: An Empire in Denial, Papers

Advance Financial Accounting Segment Reporting

Question: Discuss about the Advance Financial Accounting for Segment Reporting. Answer: Advantages of the management approach The use of management approach in segment reporting is done for increasing the effectiveness of financial reporting. The new accounting standards under AASB 8 has adopted and implemented the use of management approach for analysing the operational functions of an organisation from the perspective of management. The management approach enables the investors and analysts to analyse to view the financial statements through the eyes of management (Bugeja, Czernkowski and Moran, 2015). Thus, it assists them in estimating the management strategies and actions and gains an insight into the operational risks that can occur in the firm in future context. The senior management can take proactive steps in advance for overcoming the risks identified through the application of management approach. The management approach also significantly reduces the costs required in preparation of financial reports as it eliminates the need for preparation of different financial disclosures for internal and ex ternal use. The financial report developed internally by the management can be used for external reporting as well under the management approach. The financial performance of each operational area can be continually assessed in a timely manner through the use of management approach. This is because management approach assists in obtaining timely segment information for external reporting by eliminating the need for different financial reports for external and internal use. It requires the business firms to report the financial performance of each business segment and thus facilitates decision-makers to analyse the operational performance of all business areas. Thus, management approach proves to be highly beneficial for the management in taking crucial decisions regarding the improvement in its operational effectiveness (Camfferman and Zeff, 2015). The implementation of management approach under accounting standards of AASB 8 requires business corporations to organise the segments properly for analysing the operational performance relatively easily. It provides greater flexibility to management for reporting the firm performance by overcoming the restrictions under old accounting standards of AASB 114 to present the financial performance in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) (Dagwell et al., 2011). The continual assessment of performance of each operational area will further help the management in taking decisions regarding the resources allocated to each operational area and make strategic decisions for improving the performance of each business segment. The management can also easily identify the operational expenditure of each business segment that helps in developing an action plan for reducing the operational cost and significantly enhance the revenue generation. The adoption of management appr oach requires business firms to depict large amount of segment information in the financial reports and thus maximising the operational effectiveness. For example, Hiddleston Ltd has implemented the use of management approach for monitoring the performance of its each operational segment. The company is involved in manufacturing of electrical equipment and develops its interim financial reports that are presented to its outside stakeholders enabling them to assess its sales and turnover. This is done by the company to report the performance of its each operational area to management and customers and thus improve transparency in its operational segments (Hollie and Yu, 2015). Disadvantages of Management Approach The implementation of management approach under new accounting standards of AASB 8 also has certain drawbacks associated with it. This includes reporting of market-sensitive information to external stakeholders of a business entity as interim reports are presented for external reporting as well. The outside parties are able to view the business through the management perspective as operating segment information is presented externally in the same way as it is used by the internal management (Kang and Gray, 2013). This can sometimes become a potential threat for the business entities if the information is used by the competitors. It also results in reducing the comparability of the financial reports with industry peers not reporting segment information as per the management approach guidelines. The lack of comparability between the financial information of similar business entities does not prove useful for the investors. The investors will not be able to select the business entity pr operly with the lack of comparability analysing between similar business groups. The management approach can be adopted by the business entities that are traded in public and as such the private entities operating within the industry cant adopt the use of management approach for segment reporting (Nichols, Street and Tarca, 2013). This implements a possible drawback of non-comparing the group performance within the similar industry due to irregularity in the methods used for developing financial reports., The management approach requires significant reporting of the performance of each operational area and therefore may increase the complexity of financial statements. The non-applicability of GAAP principles in reporting performance of operational segments will require the management to provide a reconciliation of the report developed with financial statement line items. The preparation of such a reconciled report may offset the cost saved by the management in eliminating the need for developing external reports through the use of management approach. It also requires companies to manage the expectations of the stakeholders through providing them all the internal information (Bugeja, Czernkowski and Moran, 2015). It makes imperative for the companies to publish the internal information prepared by the manageme nt which may at times is very sensitive and as such cant be disclosed to the outside stakeholders. Thus, the business companies adopting the use of management approach for segment reporting should adequately assess the potential impact of disclosing internal information on their long-term growth and development in advance. In addition to this, management approach requires certain operating segments to be aggregated that have relatively similar economic characteristics. This is one of the major challenges before the management as it requires significant critical analysis for demonstrating the segment that have similar economic characteristics and is thus time-consuming. For example, a business entity publishing the information through the use of management approach in segment reporting may not be able to attract attention of investors due to lack of comparability analysis with other groups in the same industry (AASB 8 Divide and Conquer, 2008). References AASB 8 Divide and Conquer. 2008. [Online]. Available at: https://kpmg.com.au/portals/0/08fr-57.pdf [Accessed on: 8 October 2016]. Bugeja, M., Czernkowski, R. and Moran, D. 2015. The Impact of the Management Approach on Segment Reporting. Journal of Business Finance Accounting 42(3) (4), pp. 310366. Camfferman, K. and Zeff, S.A. 2015. Aiming for Global Accounting Standards: The International Accounting Standards Board, 2001-2011. OUP Oxford. Dagwell, R. et al. 2011. Corporate Accounting in Australia. Pearson Higher Education AU. Hollie, D. and Yu, S. 2015. A Perspective On Segment Reporting Choices And Segment Reconciliations. Applied Finance and Accounting 1(2), pp. 88-95. Kang, H. and Gray, S.J. 2013. Segment Reporting Practices in Australia: Has IFRS 8 Made a Difference? Australian Accounting Review 23(3). Nichols, N.B., Street, D.L. and Tarca, A. 2013. The Impact of Segment Reporting Under the IFRS 8 and SFAS 131 Management Approach: A Research Review. Journal of International Financial Management Accounting 24(3).